The vanilla orchid is a climbing plant from Mexico up to 15 meters high with fleshy stems and aerial roots as tendrils. It is a tropical plant that grows best at a daytime temperature of 30 ° C and a night temperature of 20 ° C, making this plant almost only suitable for a heated greenhouse. The variety produces greenish-yellow flowers 5 cm in size that smell like vanilla and only bloom for 1 day. They must be hand-pollinated outside of their native habitat in Mexico, as in nature they can only be pollinated by a specific bee species. This manual pollination is one of the reasons for the high price of vanilla. Fruiting is possible when the plant is at least 3 meters tall (2-3 years old), forming 20 cm long pods (actually long berries). These can be dried for vanilla production, after which they are soaked in an alcohol solution. On 1 liter, 35% alcohol and at least 100 grams of vanilla pods are used. Today Madagascar and Réunion produce the most vanilla: 70% of the world production.
It is possible to produce your own vanilla, but for that you need a heated greenhouse. In addition, germinating the seeds is very difficult.
Sowing description: Like all other orchids, the seeds of this species are very difficult to germinate. Most species only do this in conjunction with a fungus or in vitro on agar. The simplest method is described by a botanical garden in Thailand:
https://dokmaidogma.wordpress.com/2011/09/10/how-to-grow-orchids-from-seeds-kitchen-style/
Photo 1: H. Zell (CCA-3.0 Wikipedia)
Photo 2: B. Navez
Photo 3: F. Palli
